With a changing climate resulting in drought and flooding, the threat of these cereal pests is likely to intensify The study aims to address the following specific objectives Hence, this review presents an elaborate overview of current pathogens whose threat to cereal production in africa might increase due to changing climatic conditions.
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These factors have led to significant crop losses, threatening food security, livelihoods, and economic stability
A panel data approach is used to relate yields to standard weather variables, such as temperature and precipitation, and sophisticated weather measures, such as vapotranspiration and the standardized precipitation index (spi)
The dataset includes 546,605 records, primarily spanning from 1980 to 2022, detailing crop production, harvested areas, and yields for 33 countries and 90 crop types, including key cereals in ssa such as wheat, maize, rice, sorghum, barley, millet, and fonio. This average became only 42% and 35% of the world average, respectively, in 1990 and 2017 (faostat, 2020 However, areas under cereal produ